Fibroids: What they are, symptoms and the best treatment options
Myomas, also called uterine fibroids or leiomyomas, are non-cancerous tumors of the uterus and usually almost never turn into cancer. Fibroids come in a variety of sizes, from very small and invisible to the eye, to large sizes that can enlarge the uterus. In many cases, there are no symptoms, which is why many women have had fibroids without knowing it. They are usually detected between the ages of 30 and 50.
Causes of fibroids The causes have not been identified with certainty.The causes have not been proven absolutely, but there is evidence that some factors can be identified, such as genetic mutations and hormonal elements . It seems proven that fibroids originate from a cell that divides continuously. The development of the fibroid is different in each case and has different speeds, from very slow to very fast.
They are usually classified according to their location: subserous, intramural and submucosal.
Symptoms of fibroids There are not always symptomsIn many cases there are no symptoms. When they do appear, the most common ones are:
- Menstrual bleeding that is heavier than normal and also lasts for several more days.
- Feeling of wanting to urinate very often, but having difficulty trying.
- Constipation.
- Pain in the pelvis and legs.
- Low back pain .
Diagnosis of fibroids They are often detected during routine check-ups.Uterine fibroids or myomas are detected through routine check-ups in which the doctor detects an abnormality. Once there is a suspicion, the doctor orders an ultrasound and laboratory tests. Only when there is doubt is an MRI performed.
Treatment and medication for fibroids Treatment and medication for fibroidsThe doctor has many options and must choose the most appropriate one for each patient. In many cases, it is best to do nothing and wait to see how the patient's condition develops. Some women with fibroids have no symptoms or only very mild symptoms. In reality, fibroids are not cancerous and rarely affect pregnancy. They tend to shrink after menopause when reproductive hormone levels drop.
There are also drugs to reduce the size of fibroids. These are gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists that simulate menopause. There are also non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs that reduce pain. The IUD (intrauterine device) releases a substance that can help reduce heavy bleeding caused by fibroids. There is also the option of surgery to remove them. In some cases, this is minimally invasive.
Even after removal, fibroids can reappear, especially before menopause.
Prevention of fibroids There are no clear guidelines for preventionThere is not enough evidence to help prevent fibroid tumors, but the risk can be reduced somewhat by maintaining a schedule of annual gynecological checkups and following healthy lifestyle habits, such as eating a balanced diet and exercising regularly.
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